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their arrival they gave the Ukrainians free rein, for three days, to 'deal' with the Jews.
(Simon Wiesenthal, Justice Not Vengeance, 1989, p. 36, emphasis added)
VIEW #3: THERE WAS NO LVIV POGROM.
From the Ukraine Einsatzkommando 6 of Einsatzgruppe C reported as follows:
Almost nowhere can the population be persuaded to take active steps against
the Jews. This may be explained by the fear of many people that the Red
Army may return. Again and again this anxiety has been pointed out to us.
Older people have remarked that they had already experienced in 1918 the
sudden retreat of the Germans. In order to meet the fear psychosis, and in
order to destroy the myth ... which, in the eyes of many Ukrainians, places
the Jew in the position of the wielder of political power, Einsatzkommando
6 on several occasions marched Jews before their execution through the
city. Also, care was taken to have Ukrainian militiamen watch the shooting
of Jews.
This "deflation" of the Jews in the public eye did not have the desired effect. After a few
weeks, Einsatzgruppe C complained once more that the inhabitants did not betray the movements of
hidden Jews. The Ukrainians were passive, benumbed by the "Bolshevist terror." Only the ethnic
Germans in the area were busily working for the Einsatzgruppe. (Raul Hilberg, The Destruction of
the European Jews, 1961, p. 202)
The Slavic population stood estranged and even aghast before the unfolding spectacle of the
"final solution." There was on the whole no impelling desire to cooperate in a process of such
utter ruthlessness; and the fact that the Soviet regime, fighting off the Germans a few hundred
miles to the east, was still threatening to return, undoubtedly acted as a powerful restraint
upon many a potential collaborator. (Raul Hilberg, The Destruction of the European Jews, 1961,
p. 201)
First, truly spontaneous pogroms, free from Einsatzgruppen influence, did not take place; all
outbreaks were either organized or inspired by the Einsatzgruppen. Second, all pogroms were
implemented within a short time after the arrival of the killing units; they were not
self-perpetuating, nor could new ones be started after things had settled down. (Raul Hilberg
summarizing anti-Jewish activity in Ukraine, The Destruction of the European Jews, 1961, p. 204)
The Ukrainian violence as a whole did not come up to expectations. (Raul Hilberg, The
Destruction of the European Jews, 1961, p. 204)
Do you not find it disturbing, Mr. Jordan, that 60 Minutes' claim of a massive pre-German pogrom in Lviv is
contradicted by Simon Wiesenthal's earlier statements that the pogrom was post-German? And do you not find it even
more disturbing that when we turn from media stars like Simon Wiesenthal and television announcers like Morley Safer
to respected historians - in fact, the most respected historian of the Jewish Holocaust, Raul Hilberg himself - that
there is a curious lack of awareness of this most egregious of all World War II pogroms, and in fact flat denials that
anything of the sort ever happened?
Yours truly,
Lubomyr Prytulak
cc: Ed Bradley, Steve Kroft, Morley Safer, Lesley Stahl, Mike Wallace
Jordan Letter 3 May 14/96 Nowhere is the SS so openly celebrated
May 14, 1996
Michael H. Jordan
Chairman, Westinghouse Electric Corporation
11 Stanwix Street
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
USA 15222
Dear Mr. Jordan:
There are certain questions that keep revolving in my mind to which I can't seem to find any answers - perhaps
you could help me with one of these.
The particular question which I have in mind at the moment is what it was that led Morley Safer to the conclusion
that the Galicia Division reunion in Lviv - scenes of which were shown on "The Ugly Face of Freedom" - was in fact the
most open celebration of the SS imaginable - in Mr. Safer's own words: "Nowhere, not even in Germany, is the SS so
openly celebrated."
Now for what strikes Mr. Safer as being the most open of all conceivable celebrations of the SS, I would think
that the corroborative scenes shown should have contained all, or most, or at least several of the following
ingredients:
(1) a display of photographs of Hitler,
(2) a display of photographs of Himmler, head of the SS,
(3) a display of swastikas,
(4) a display of the lightning-bolt "SS" insignia, or any "SS" insignia,
(5) the playing of Nazi songs, perhaps Nazi marching songs,
(6) goose-stepping on the part of the participants,
(7) participants raising their hands in the "Heil Hitler!" salute,
(8) pro-Nazi literature distributed to the participants as part of the celebration,
(9) pro-Nazi statements elicited from the participants by reporters,
(10) pro-Nazi statements made by speakers addressing the celebrants,
(10) reminiscences of Nazi successes during World War II,
(12) expressions of anti-Semitism.
I would think that before a summary as extreme as "Nowhere, not even in Germany, is the SS so openly celebrated,"
a responsible reporter would have mentally run over such a check-list to measure precisely how much corroboration was
really at hand. Had Mr. Safer done this, he would have come up with a remarkable figure - and that figure is exactly
zero! Zero out of a possible twelve! In other words, the scenes aired by 60 Minutes contain not a shred of evidence
- not the smallest clue, not the slightest hint - that this was in any way a "celebration of the SS." To speak words
as provocative and inflammatory as were Mr. Safer's, while at the same time offering as corroboration scenes which in
no way support those words, perhaps demonstrates the contempt in which Mr. Safer holds the intelligence of the 60
Minutes viewer.
Had Mr. Safer done just a bit of homework before he started talking, he would have discovered that the Galicia
Division was a combat unit whose only role was to fight the Soviet advance on the Eastern Front. Had Mr. Safer done
just a bit of reading before giving vent to his prejudices and stereotypes, he would have discovered that the Galicia
Division has never been so much as accused of any war crimes or any crimes against humanity - not even by the Soviets
who have always been rabidly anti-Nazi, and against whom the Galicia Division fought. Had Mr. Safer demanded from his
support staff even the most superficial research prior to reading his proclamations, he would have discovered that in
at least three formal investigations, the Galicia Division has been judged to have been devoid of Nazi sympathies.
So, then, what was the evidence that Mr. Safer was basing his statement on? How could he have said something so
strikingly at variance with what was being shown on screen? This is the riddle that I wish you would help me solve.
Yours truly,
Lubomyr Prytulak
cc: Ed Bradley, Steve Kroft, Morley Safer, Lesley Stahl, Mike Wallace
HOME DISINFORMATION PEOPLE JORDAN 1535 hits since 23May98
Michael Jordan Letter 4 12Jul96 Levitas letter to Za Vilnu Ukrainu
July 12, 1996
Michael H. Jordan
Chairman, Westinghouse Electric Corporation
11 Stanwix Street
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
USA 15222
Dear Mr. Jordan:
I am sending you a translation from the Ukrainian of an open letter to Morley Safer
and the 60 Minutes staff, written by I. M. Levitas, Head of the Jewish Council of
Ukraine as well as of the Nationalities Associations of Ukraine, and published in the
Lviv newspaper Za Vilnu Ukrainu (For a Free Ukraine) on December 2, 1994. In this
letter, Mr. Levitas protests the 60 Minutes broadcast, "The Ugly Face of Freedom."
Mr. Levitas's letter is a cry both of anguish and of outrage, but its more
particular significance to us lies in its bringing to light fresh information
demonstrating the bias of the 60 Minutes broadcast, and as well in showing us that
Ukrainian Jews are foremost among those waiting for a corrective broadcast, and
foremost also among those who are offering their cooperation in the preparation of such
a corrective broadcast.
Mr. Levitas suggests that the severity of the bias combined with the total
suppression of contradictory information that is evident in the 60 Minutes story is
Bolshevik in style. I would go on to suggest to you that just as the countries of the
former Soviet Union cannot hope to thrive without first throwing off the leaders who
are inherently Communist in outlook, so CBS News cannot hope to thrive under the
leadership of individuals whose attitude toward broadcasting is that it is a tool
placed in their hands for the totalitarian manipulation of mass opinion.
Sincerely yours,
Lubomyr Prytulak
cc: Ed Bradley, Steve Kroft, Morley Safer, Lesley Stahl, Mike Wallace
WHY DIDN'T YOU SHOW
THE UKRAINIANS AND POLES WHO RESCUED JEWS?
Esteemed Gentlemen! Esteemed program host, Mr. Safer!
It has come to our attention that on October 23, 1994, American television broadcast
a program about events in the city of Lviv and in the Western region of Ukraine. We
have acquainted ourselves with the contents of this program, and have also received
feedback from Jews who recently emigrated from Ukraine to the United States.
Our conclusion: from isolated and insignificant facts you created a broadcast in
which you overwhelmingly crammed distortions and emphasized the negative aspects of
Jewish life, while at the same time hiding the positive aspects which are
considerably more numerous.
Everything that you reported in your broadcast unfortunately exists, but exists only
as isolated events diluted in the normal flow of life in Lviv. By focussing on
these isolated events, you painted an unrelievedly negative picture, and that
constitutes your principal error - unless it wasn't an error at all but rather was
done intentionally.
We are a young democracy, and the unrestrained expression of democratic freedoms may
give birth to untoward manifestations, as is bound to happen in any country,
including the United States - a country of long-standing democracy.
Many bad things, including attitudes toward Jews, have been bequeathed to us from
the past, and it is difficult to wholly eradicate this from the consciousness of the
people.
In your broadcast, you mentioned streets that were renamed after Petliura and
Bandera, but didn't mention that Frunze Street, which before the war was called
Starozhydivska Street ["Ancient Jewish Street"], was also recently renamed
Staroyevreiska Street [also "Ancient Jewish Street" but without the negative
connotation that "zhyd" has in Russian and in Eastern Ukrainian] - and, please note,
not to Starozhydivska Street, in deference to Jewish sensibilities.
You broadcast that contemporary Ukrainians don't know about the Yanivsky
concentration camp. Possibly so - but there has grown up a generation which has
already forgotten about even Auschwitz and Maydanek. But in fact in Ukraine, we do
know about the Yanivsky camp. Our Jewish Council has established a Yanivsky Camp
Foundation. Here in Lviv, we have held conferences dedicated to the memory of this
camp. Where your broadcast shows a woman carrying flowers, a stone memorial has
been erected bearing the Shield of David. I was present at the unveiling of this
memorial. Representatives of the Lviv City Council made presentations at this
ceremony, as did representatives of the Ukrainian Orthodox and Ukrainian Catholic
Churches. I have in my possession a photograph of this event which I could forward
to you.
Yes, the fence which you showed, and the dogs, unfortunately are there - but these
are remnants of the past. In any case, a decision has been made to get rid of them
and to build a memorial in the same location. You should have reported this. More
to the point, the very first monument in our new Ukraine dedicated to Jewish victims
was erected not far from Lviv, in the town of Chervonohrad. Following that, three
other monuments were erected in our region.
You reported that two Jews were robbed and beaten. This might have happened, but
most likely not because they were Jews. I imagine that in Lviv, Ukrainians are also
robbed (and significantly more often!), and yet nobody draws from this the sort of
conclusions concerning ethnic hostility that you draw from the robbing of these two
Jews.
Our Jewish Council constantly receives news concerning Jews in Ukraine, but during
the past five years, we have received not a single report of anyone being beaten
because he was a Jew. However, it must be admitted that such a thing may have
occurred without it coming to our attention - there are plenty of miscreants in
every country.
Because the facts selected for your broadcast were excessively biased and one-sided,
it is incumbent upon me to give you a view of the other side of Jewish life.
In Lviv, where seven thousand Jews live, there are thirteen Jewish organizations.
There are also active organizations in the rest of the region - in Drohobych,
Boryslav, Truskavets. I can send you all their addresses. Lviv was the first city
in Ukraine to have a Jewish Society (1988), the first Ukraine-Israel Society (1989),
and the first to publish a Jewish newspaper (1989). A Center for the Study of
Jewish History is functioning in the city. Two Jewish-Ukrainian conferences have
been held here. We have a Jewish ensemble, a Jewish theater, a philharmonic
orchestra which recently, at the opening of the season, performed the works of
Tchaikovsky and of two Jewish composers. A Jew, Kotlyk, head of the Jewish Society,
was elected as a member of the City Council.
Two years ago, in the center of the city, not far from "Hitler Square," a monument
dedicated to the victims of the Lviv ghetto was unveiled. This is the biggest and
most prominent Jewish memorial in all of Europe. Haven't you seen it?
As head of the Jewish Council, I was present at all the events that I am describing,
and I can document them. Your discussing these events in a future broadcast would
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