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Washington State Militia founder John Pitner is convicted of possession and transfer of machine guns. John Lloyd Kirk and
Marlin Lane Mack is convicted of possession of unregistered destructive device. Gary Marvin Kuehnoel is convicted of
possession of a machine gun. Jururs can not reach verdicts on additional weapons charges against Kirk and his wife Judy
Carol Kirk, and against Kuehnoel. Kuehnoel is found innocent of three counts of possession of unregistered firearm. An
eighth defendant previously had pled guilty.
MARCH
March 1, Wisconsin: $2 million cash bond is ordered for Wisconsin man charged with hiring a hit man to murder his
estranged wife and her father. James Schuman, the man charged, is a member of Wisconsin Militia.
March 2, Washington, Idaho: Trial begins for Charles Barbee, Robert Berry and Jay Merrell, Christian Identity white
supremacists part of a bank-robbing gang in Spokane, WA, area associated with the Phineas Priesthood.
March 2, Ohio: Ohio Aryan Nations member Morris Gulett is arrested for ramming a Dayton police cruiser then fleeing.
March 3, New Hampshire: New Hampshire militia leader pleads guilty to federal charges of stealing $100,000 in equipment
from Fort Devens Army base. Fitzhugh MacCrae, member of Hillsborough County Dragoons, admits to three counts. He is
the second Dragoon to plead guilty.
March 3, Texas: "Republic of Texas" member John Albert Crain files $27 million lawsuit over three traffic tickets in San
Angelo. The atmosphere between "Republic of Texas" members and the real government of Texas grows increasingly
tense.
March 4, Texas: Pecos County Sheriff Steve Bailey warns he may have to use extreme measures to arrest Richard
McLaren, "ambassador" for the Republic of Texas, for warrants on burglary and failure to appear in court. McLaren is holed
up in a housing resort west of Fort Davis, Texas.
March 6, Wisconsin: Federal prosecutors go to court to stop two Milwaukee area men, Robert Raymond and Robert
Bernhoft, from selling their "De-Taxing America Program."
March 9, Oregon: Salem, Oregon, Militia leader Michael Cross is sentenced to five years on probation for pleading guilty to
criminal mistreatment after receiving $25,000 gift from an elderly foster-care resident.
Ca. March 9, Texas: Members of extremist group Republic of Texas begin "impeachment" proceedings against Richard
McLaren as the group, under pressure from law enforcement authorities, fragments.
March 10, California: Elizabeth Broderick of Palmdale, California, is sentenced to nearly seventeen years in prison on 28
charges related to selling more than 8,000 fraudulent "Comptroller Warrants" with a face value of more than $800 million.
Several accomplices also receive prison sentences in subsequent weeks.
March 12, Connecticut: "Sovereign citizens" John Barney and Nina Barney of Salisbury, CT, appear in court on charges of
criminal trespass and interfering with police. They are members of a common law court and they refuse to vacate the
properties where they live despite having hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of unpaid loans.
March 13, Washington, Idaho: FBI agents arrest a fourth suspect, Brian Ratigan, in the Spokane bombings, about the same
time as the prosecution rests in the trial of three other suspects.
March 13, Oklahoma: Former Tulsa opera singer Carol Elizabeth Howe is indicted in Federal court in Tulsa, accused of
willfully making a bomb threat, possession of a non-registered destructive device and conspiracy. James Dodson Viefhous,
already in custody, is also indicted. The two are founders and members of the National Socialist Alliance of Oklahoma, as
well as part of the Aryan Intelligence Network. They left a message on this phone network that bombs would be detonated in
15 US cities unless action was taken by December 15 by "white warriors" against the government of the U.S.
March 13, Ohio, Pennsylvania: Aryan Republican Army members Scott Stedeford and Peter Langan plead not guilty to
conspiracy charges related to bank robberies they carried out. Both have been previously convicted on armed robbery
charges. Mark Thomas, an Aryan Nations leader in Pennsylvania, previously pled guilty to the charges. Thomas and
another defendant are cooperating with government investigators; a fifth defendant, Michael Brescia, is jailed and awaiting
trial. Another suspect committed suicide in jail.
March 17, Montana, Indiana: Joe Holland, leader of the North American Volunteer Militia, is sentenced in Missoula, Montana, to 10 years in prison for jury tampering and advocating violence. He is also indicted on charges in Indiana.
March 17, Texas: Texas officials issue two more (civil) arrest warrants against Republic of Texas members Robert Kesterson ("secretary of state") and Carolyn Carney ("secretary of inter-agency coordination").
March 17, California: California "Patriot" Timothy Paul Kootenay, is sentenced to 300 days in county jail and four years' probation after pleading guilty to purchasing assault rifles with bogus money orders issued by Family Farm Preservation, a "patriot" group linked with the Posse Comitatus.
March 19, Arizona: Six members of the Arizona Viper Militia are sentenced to jail terms for conspiracy to make bombs. The
longest sentence is nine years. All had pled guilty. The number eventually increases to 10 who plead guilty. Two do not and
will go to trial.
March 21, Ohio: The FBI and ATF jointly post a $60,000 reward for information leading to the arrests of Aryan Nations
members Cheyne and Chevie Kehoe for shooting at police officers in Ohio in February. The Kehoe brothers are thought to
have fled back to their Spokane area origins.
March 21, Alabama: Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals unanimously affirms the capital murder conviction of a "patriot,"
George Sibley, Jr., found guilty in the 1993 shooting death of an Opelika police officer. His common-law wife, Linda Lyon
Block, is also on death row for the same offense.
March 25, North Carolina: Dunn, North Carolina, resident Arvalee McLamb is fined $5,000 and sentenced to five months in
prison after pleading guilty to failing to file a federal income tax return. McLamb had ties to the Montana Freemen; he is also
charged in a federal indictment of various crimes committed in connection with James Vincent Wells and Montana Freeman
Russell Landers. McLamb and Wells belonged to an extremist group innocuously called 'The Civil Rights Task Force."
March 25, Kansas: Two Kansas residents are convicted in Tulsa for passing Montana Freemen checks. Bill and Karen
Hanzlicek were found guilty of conspiracy, bank fraud, mail fraud and passing a counterfeit check.
March 26, Florida: In Stuart, Florida, John Foster, is charged with obtaining $662,000 in bogus checks from the Montana
Freemen and using them to pay off the IRS and his mortgage company.
March 26, Ohio: In Columbus, Ohio, common law court activist Larry Russell is found guilty of escape and sentenced to 1 S
years in prison. He fled Ohio following a failed attempt to arrest him for driving without a license, after which he was charged
with assaulting a police officer and escape, but was arrested at the Alaska border and extradited.
March 27, Nevada: Nevada militia man Harry Tootle is convicted on charges of drawing a gun on a security guard, then
resisting arrest.
March 27, Arkansas, Missouri: Arkansas citizen Robert Joos is convicted of resisting arrest and carrying a concealed
weapon during a confrontation with Missouri State Highway Patrol troopers in 1994. The troopers were attempting to arrest
him near his church commune (the "Sacerdotal Order of the David Company") in connection with a 1987 misdemeanor
conviction involving a false court summons served to a trooper. Law enforcement authorities are still searching for Timothy
Thomas Coombs, wanted for shooting and seriously wounding a state trooper in retaliation for Joos' arrest.
March 29, South Carolina, Oregon: In Anderson, SC, Embassy of Heaven member Frank Lewis stages a seven day hunger
strike when arrested for driving without a license and operating an uninsured vehicle. This is one of many hunger strikes
staged by members of the group, which preaches against all forms of government interference. The Embassy of Heaven
issues fake drivers licenses, plates, and registrations for its members; these are purchased by people all over the country. In
late winter, Embassy of Heaven members are evicted from their "church" in Sublimity, Oregon, for nonpayment of county
taxes.
March 30, Michigan: Kalamazoo, Michigan, militia member Brendon Blasz is arrested and indicted on suspicion of making
pipe bombs and other illegal explosives. Blasz and his "small militia band" planned to bomb the federal building in Battle
Creek, an IRS building, a television station and federal armies, according to an affidavit by an informant. The Michigan
Militia claims to have expelled them in 1995.
APRIL
April 2, Washington, Idaho: The jury hearing Spokane bank bandits case convicts the three defendants on illegal weapons
charges and stolen vehicle charges, but deadlocks on the more serious bank robbery and bombing charges when a sole
jury member, sympathetic to the right-wing extremists, refuses to convict.
April 3, California: A Berkeley, California, woman, Mary Margaret Lund, is convicted of using bogus checks to purchase a
motorhome in January 1996. She passed more than $223,000 worth of bad checks.
April 5, Montana: Fourteen of the infamous "Montana Freemen" are hit with a 40-count indictment that will take the place of
earlier indictments against them. Charges include multiple counts of conspiracy bank fraud, mail fraud, wire fraud, false
claims, threats to public officials and weapons charges. A second indictment charges eight people with helping fugitives
escape arrest.
April 7, Washington: Gary Kuehnol, one of the seven Washington militia/freemen charged with conspiracy (see above),
pleads guilty to a charge of transferring a machine gun to a federal informer. He will not face new conspiracy charges as a
result of the agreement. Another participant, Caitlin Hansen, earlier pled guilty to obstruction of justice and was sentenced to
three years of probation. Six still await a new trial.
April 8, Montana: Pre-trial hearings begin for the Montana Freemen.
April 8, Washington: A Clark County, Washington, motorist is arrested with 2 loaded handguns, a bogus license plate, and a
concealed weapons "permit" issued by the "State Militia." Jed Carson was cited on suspicion of operating a vehicle with
illegal plates, carrying loaded weapons in a vehicle, driving without a license and failure to provide proof of insurance. The
plate read "SOV, 064-MNE, States of America united, America the Republic." His "sales contract" for his vehicle was from
the "British West Indies," a non-existent country.
April 11, New York: A jury convicts New York city police officer Jose Lugo on tax charges related to nonpayment of taxes on
$163,000 of income. Ten other police officers have been convicted on similar charges; four more are facing prosecution.
The officers apparently got the idea from Indiana militia leader Joe Holland and other tax protest leaders.
April 19, Idaho: New militia group forms in Idaho County, Idaho, called the "Idaho Mountain Boys." Its leader warns that if the
county enforces building codes, the militia will be ready to intervene.
April 20, Texas: Republic of Texas leader Richard McLaren vows war if authorities try to arrest him. "Once they make the
move," he says, 'we'll have millions of Americans on our side including every militia in the country. We're talking war
here."
April 20, Montana: Marc and Cheryl Andrea, of Florence, Montana, are indicted for recruiting 125 Missoula area residents
into a California-based tax protest organization.
April 22, Texas: Republic of Texas member Jo Ann Canaday Turner (see above) is arrested on two counts of contempt of
court for filing a fraudulent lien in violation of a court order and for not attending a hearing.
April 22, Ohio: Ohio Aryan Nations member Larry Wayne Harris receives a probation sentence after pleading guilty to a
single count of wire fraud for obtaining samples of bubonic plague.
April 23, Texas: The FBI arrests three men and one woman for planning a bomb attack on a gas refinery northwest of Fort
Worth. The planned bombing was to divert attention from an armored car robbery that would finance their extremist activities.
The suspects have Klan ties.
April 23, California: White supremacist Todd Vanbiber of Winter Park is injured while making a pipe bomb; the weapon
blows up in his face. Investigating authorities find materials linking Vanbiber to the neo-Nazi National Alliance, as well as 14
unexploded pipe bombs.
April 27, Texas: After police arrest Republic of Texas "chief of security," Bob Scheidt, on weapons possession charges,
Republic of Texas members ordered by Richard McLaren storm a nearby residence, firing shots, to kidnap two neighbors as
hostages. The incident begins a standoff. The two hostages, a man and his wife, were vocal opponents of McLaren.
April 28, Texas: After twelve hours of captivity, Joe and Margaret Ann Rowe are released by Republic of Texas members
after authorities swap jailed ROT member Bob Scheidt for the two. Formal charges are filed against six ROT members, from
engaging in organized criminal activity to aggravated kidnapping with a deadly weapon.
April 28, California: A huge blast in a Olivehurst, California, home leads to the arrest of sympathizer William Goehler (a
convicted rapist), charged with possessing explosives. Goehler suffered a neck injury in the blast at his home, while his wife
and one of this children were slightly injured. The explosive material was in a tree outside the home. Goehler is associated
with the Twin Cities Free Militia. The previous year, he traveled to Jordan, Montana, to show his support for the Montana
Freemen.
April 28, Texas: Leaders of the other factions of the splintered Republic of Texas group, Archie Lowe and David Johnson,
distance themselves from Richard McLaren.
April 28, Texas: A Texas Ranger assault team arrives at Ft. Davis, Texas. About 200 law enforcement officers surround
McLaren's location, where close to 10 Republic of Texas members are holed up.
April 29, Texas: Two armored personnel carriers arrive at Ft. Davis. They are named "Bubba One" and "Bubba Two."
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