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125
JFK to Adlai Stevenson, January 5, 1960, JFKL; Stevenson to JFK January 5, 1960, JFKL
126
Sacramento Bee, July 29, 1960; Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. to JFK, May 25, 1960, JFKL; William McCormick Blair Jr. to JFK, August 12, 1960, JFKL; John Bartlow Martin, Adlai Stevenson and the World (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1977), pp. 521–25.
127
Martin, Adlai Stevenson and the World, p. 449. See also JFK to Adlai Stevenson, January 5, 1960, JFKL; Stevenson to JFK, January n. d., 1960, JFKL.
128
Schlesinger, Journals, pp. 64–66. See also Schlesinger to JFK, June 6, 1960, JFKL.
129
Schlesinger, Journals, pp. 67–69.
130
Ibid., pp. 69–70.
131
White, Making of the President, 1960, pp. 163–64.
132
New York Times, July 14, 1960. See also Baker, The Stevensons, pp. 401–5.
133
Time, July 18, 1960.
134
White, Making of the President, 1960, pp. 131–35.
135
Time, July 11, 1960; White, Making of the President, 1960, p. 155.
136
New York Times, July 14, 15, 1960; White, Making of the President, 1960, pp. 163–67.
137
Milton Gwertzman, «Counterattack Sourcebook,» August 10, 1960, JFKL.
138
Time, July 25, 1960; Donaldson, The First Modern Campaign, pp. 78–81.
139
New York Times, July 16, 1960.
140
John F. Kennedy, «The New Frontier,» July 15, 1960, JFKL.
141
«The Election of John F. Kennedy, President of the United States,» film, n.d., 1961, JFKL.
142
White, The Making of the President, 1960, pp. 309–10; Richard M. Nixon, RN: The Memoirs of Richard Nixon (New York: Grosset and Dunlap, 1978), pp. 218–19.
143
Schlesinger, Journals, p. 85; Richard M. Nixon, Six Crises (New York: Doubleday, 1962), p. 323.
144
Donaldson, The First Modern Campaign, pp. 110–13, 119.
145
Sidney Kraus, ed., The Great Debates (Blooming-ton: Indiana University Press, 1962), pp. 348–50.
146
Ibid., pp. 350–52.
147
White, The Making of the President, 1960, pp. 286–87; Sorensen, Counselor, p. 190.
148
Dallek, An Unfinished Life, pp. 292–94.
149
«Remarks of Senator John F. Kennedy at Howard University,» Washington, D.C., October 7, 1960, JFKL.
150
Nixon, RN, pp. 216–17.
151
JFK, Armory speech, Hyannis, Mass., November 9, 1960, JFKL.
152
Richard Reeves, President Kennedy: Profi le of Power (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1993), p. 25.
153
Ibid., p. 44.
154
Dallek, An Unfinished Life, p. 300; New York Times, November 10, 1960, January 11, 17, 1961.
155
Sorensen, Counselor, pp. 201–3; Andrew Preston, The War Council: McGeorge Bundy, the NSC, and Vietnam (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2006), pp. 38–45.
156
Schlesinger, Journals, pp. 93–96.
157
Bradlee, Conversations with Kennedy, pp. 142–43.
158
Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., Robert Kennedy and His Times (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1978), p. 230.
159
Ibid.
160
Schlesinger, Robert Kennedy and His Times, p. 232.
161
Dallek, An Unfi nished Life, pp. 316–17; Schlesinger, Robert Kennedy and His Times, pp. 228–29, 232–33; Evan Thomas, Robert Kennedy: His Life (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2000), pp. 109–13.
162
Schlesinger, Journals, pp. 95–96.
163
Ibid.
164
Ibid., pp. 102–3.
165
Reeves, President Kennedy, pp. 31–33.
166
Garry Wills, The Kennedy Imprisonment: A Medi-tation on Power (Boston: Little, Brown, 1982), p. 112.
167
John F. Kennedy, «Inaugural Address,» January 20, 1961, PPP — JFK,1961, pp. 1–3.
168
Washington Post, January 21, 1961.
169
Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, p. 126.
170
Theodore Sorensen, Kennedy (New York: Harper and Row, 1965), pp. 281–85.
171
Reeves, President Kennedy, p. 88.
172
Wills, The Kennedy Imprisonment, p. 191.
173
Memorandum from the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) to President Kennedy, May 16, 1961.
174
«White House Organization,» in David S. Patterson, ed., Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961–1963 (Washington, D.C.: U. S. Government Printing Office, 2001), pp. 29–31.
175
Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, pp. 206–7.
176
Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, pp. 355–56.
177
Reeves, President Kennedy, p. 154; Bradlee, Conversations with Kennedy, pp. 118–19.
178
Schlesinger, Journals, p. 122.
179
Press conference transcript, January 18, 1961, President John F. Kennedy’s news conference, January 25, 1961, Evelyn Lincoln to Kermit Gordon, October 31, 1963, «What If Peace Breaks Out?» — memo for press conference, October 31, 1963, Press Conferences, 1961–1963, JFKL.
180
«Annual Message to the Congress on the State of the Union, January 30, 1961,» PPP — JFK, 1961, pp. 19–28.
181
Sorensen, Kennedy, pp. 339–43.
182
Reeves, President Kennedy, pp. 55–56; Nick Bryant, The Bystander: John F. Kennedy and the Struggle for Black Equality (New York: Basic Books, 2006), pp. 221–41.
183
Robert Dallek, Nixon and Kissinger: Partners in Power (New York: Harper-Collins, 2007), p. 21.
184
«Special Message to the Congress on the Peace Corps,» March 1, 1961, «Address at a White House Reception for Members of Congress and for the Diplomatic Corps of the Latin American Republic,» March 13, 1961, PPP — JFK, 1961, pp. 143–46, 170–75.
185
Dallek, An Unfinished Life, p. 370; Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, pp.187–205.
186
Reeves, President Kennedy, p. 32.
187
New York Times, October 20, 1960.
188
«Plan for Cuba,» n. d., 1961, JFKL.
189
«Evaluation of Proposed Supplementary Phase,» March 10, 1961, JFKL; «Discussion — TOP SECRET,» n. d., JFKL.
190
Peter Wyden, The Bay of Pigs: The Untold Story (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1962), p. 95.
191
Ibid., p. 94.
192
Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. to JFK, February 11, 1961, March 10, 1961, JFKL; Adlai Stevenson to JFK, April 27, 1961, JFKL.
193
Schlesinger, Journals, pp. 109–12. См. также Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, pp. 245–49.
194
James W. Hilty, Robert Kennedy: Brother Protector (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1997), p. 277.
195
«Details of Proposed Supplementary Phase to the CIA Para-Military Plan, Cuba,» March 10, 1961, JFKL; McGeorge Bundy to JFK, February 8, 1961, JFKL; W. W. Rostow to JFK, February 6, 1961, JFKL; untitled CIA memo, n.d., 1961, NLK–79–185, JFKL.
196
«Discussion — TOP SECRET,» April n. d., 1961, JFKL; «Facts on the Problem — TOP SECRET,» n. d., 1961, JFKL.
197
Dallek, An Unfinished Life, p. 371.
198
Reeves, President Kennedy, pp. 82–83.
199
New York Times, April 14, 1961.
200
Wyden, Bay of Pigs, p. 269.
201
Ibid., p. 294.
202
«Cuban Freedom Brigade,» April 25, 1961, JFKL.
203
Haynes Johnson, The Bay of Pigs (New York: W. W. Norton, 1964), pp. 177–80.
204
Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, p. 289.
205
Wyden, Bay of Pigs, pp. 305, 315. See also Schlesinger, Journals, pp. 120–21.
206
Thomas Fensch, ed., The Kennedy-Khrushchev Letters (Woodlands, Tex.: New Century Books, 2001), pp. 13–16.
207
Ibid., p. 18. See also Frederick Kempe, Berlin 1961: Kennedy, Khrushchev, and the Most Dangerous Place on Earth (New York: G. P. Putnam, 2011), pp. 8–10.
208
Jacqueline Kennedy, Historic Conversations on Life with John Kennedy (New York: Hyperion, 2011), pp. 185–86.
209
Albert Gore Sr., interview, n.d., JFKL.
210
Reeves, President Kennedy, pp. 95, 677. См. также Kenneth P. O’Donnell and David F. Powers, Johnny, We Hardly Knew Ye (Boston: Little, Brown, 1972), pp. 316–17; Hugh Sidey, John F. Kennedy: President (New York: Atheneum, 1964), p. 129.
211
Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, p. 278.
212
Stanley Meisler, The United Nations: The First Fifty Years (New York: Grove Atlantic, 1995), p. 140.
213
Reeves, President Kennedy, p. 140.
214
Ibid., p. 105.
215
«Statement by the President on the Tractors-for-Freedom Movement,» May 24, 1961, PPP — JFK, 1962, p. 201.
216
Schlesinger, Journals, p. 121.
217
Time, May 5, 1961; New York Times, June 3, 1961.
218
Reeves, President Kennedy, p. 99.
219
Ibid., p. 294. См. также «Statement by Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy,» April 24, 1961, JFKL.
220
«Special Message to the Congress on Urgent National Needs,» May 25, 1961, PPP — JFK, 1961, pp. 396–406.
221
Marks Williamson, Spacecraft Technology: The Early Years (London: Institute of Engineering and Technology, 2006), p. 263.
222
«Remarks at a Meeting with the Headquarters Staff of the Peace Corps,» June 14, 1962, PPP — JFK, 1962, p. 485.
223
Алан Шепард совершил суборбитальный космический полет — космический полет летательного аппарата по баллистической траектории со скоростью недостаточной для выхода на орбиту, т. е. меньшей, чем первая космическая скорость.
224
Reeves, President Kennedy, pp. 286–88; Dallek, An Unfinished Life, pp. 651–53.
225
John Foster Dulles, «How Dulles Averted War,» Life, January 16, 1956, p. 78.
226
John Lewis Gaddis, Strategies of Containment: A Critical Appraisal of Postwar American National Security Policy (New York: Oxford University Press, 1982), pp. 127–97.
227
Ibid., pp. 198–236; Wills, The Kennedy Imprison-ment, pp. 249–52; L. W. Nordheim, «Tests of Nuclear Weapons,» Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, September 1955, pp. 253–55, 272–73; Dorothy Zinberg, «The Public and Nuclear Waste Management,» Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, January 1979, pp. 34–39.
228
Robert Dallek, John F. Kennedy (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011), p. 35.
229
Kempe, Berlin 1961, p. 209.
230
New York Times, June 1, 1961.
231
Washington Post, June 2, 1961.
232
Kempe, Berlin 1961, p. 217.
233
Charles Kenney, John F. Kennedy: The Presidential Portfolio (New York: PublicAffairs, 2000), p. 72.
234
Richard Rovere, New Yorker, June 17, 1961, p. 96.
235
Dallek, John F. Kennedy, p. 35.
236
«Memo of Correspondence Between N. S. Khrushchev and Robert F. Kennedy,» May n. d., 1961, JFKL.
237
Michael R. Beschloss, The Crisis Years: Kennedy and Khrushchev, 1960–1963 (New York: HarperCollins, 1991), pp. 164–65; Dallek, John F. Kennedy, p. 35; «Memo of Correspondence Between N. S. Khrushchev and Robert F. Kennedy,» May n. d., 1961, JFKL.
238
William Taubman, Khrushchev: The Man and His Era (New York: W. W. Norton, 2003), pp. 490–91.
239
«Memos of Conversation,» Vienna meeting, June 3, 1961, JFKL.
240
O’Donnell and Powers, Johnny, We Hardly Knew Ye, p. 342.
241
Kempe, Berlin 1961, pp. 234–36.
242
«Memos of Conversation,» June 3, 1961, JFKL; «Joint United States — Soviet Communique,» Gettysburg, Pa., n. d., 1959, JFKL; «Memoranda of Conversation,» Sep-tember 15, 26, 1959, JFKL; Dallek, John F. Kennedy, p. 36.
243
«President’s Meeting with Khrushchev, Laos — Talking Points,» June 3–4, 1961, JFKL; «Memoranda of Conversation,» June 3–4, 1961, JFKL.
244
«Memos of Conversation,» June 4, 1961, JFKL.
245
«Berlin: Questions That Might Be Raised,» n. d., 1961, JFKL.
246
«Memos of Conversation,» June 4, 1961, JFKL; Taubman, Khrushchev, p. 500.
247
John F. Stacks, Scotty: James B. Reston and the Rise and Fall of American Journalism (Boston: Little, Brown, 2003), p. 199; New York Times, June 6, 1961. См. также Kempe, Berlin 1961, pp. 256–57.
248
Reeves, President Kennedy, p. 176.
249
Preston, The War Council, p. 56.
250
Reeves, President Kennedy, pp. 179–81.
251
Ibid., p. 180.
252
Saturday Review, August 5, 1961, p. 3.
253
Spencer R. Weart, Nuclear Fear: A History of Images (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1988), pp. 254–55.
254
Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, p. 394.
255
R. Gerald Hughes, Britain, Germany, and the Cold War: The Search for a European Detente, 1949–1967 (Oxford: Routledge, 2007), p. 197. См. также «The President’s News Conference of July 19, 1961,» «Radio and Television Report to the American People on the Berlin Crisis, July 25, 1961,» PPP — JFK, 1961, pp. 513–14, 533–34, 538; Time, July 14, 1961.
256
Reeves, President Kennedy, p. 212. See also Frederick Taylor, The Berlin Wall: A World Divided, 1961–1989 (New York: HarperCollins, 2007), p. 146; Schlesinger, A Thousand Days, p. 394.
257
New York Times, October 21, 1961.
258
Reeves, President Kennedy, pp. 246–47.
259
New York Times, October 28, 1961.
260
Kennedy, «Address in Los Angeles at a Dinner of the Democratic Party of California, November 18, 1961,» PPP — JFK, 1961, pp. 733–36. См. также David Talbot, Brothers: The Hidden Story of the Kennedy Years (New York: Free Press, 2007), p. 75.
261
Jeff Shesol, Mutual Contempt: Lyndon Johnson, Robert Kennedy, and the Feud that Defined a Decade (New York: W. W. Norton, 1997), p. 127.
262
Chester Bowles, Promises to Keep: My Years in Public Life, 1941–1969 (New York: Harper and Row, 1971), p. 343.
263
Thomas, Robert Kennedy, pp. 147, 157.
264
Mark J. White, The Kennedys and Khrushchev: The Declassified Documentary History (New York: Ivan R. Dee, 2001), p. 78.
265
Schlesinger, Robert Kennedy and His Times, p. 492.
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